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Stimulants aid in adjusting the levels of chemical messengers in the brain that control attention. They are the first line of treatment in the treatment of ADHD. They aren't thought to be habit-forming, however they can trigger negative side effects, including headaches and difficulty sleeping.
To reduce impulsivity or hyperactivity Your doctor might prescribe guanfacine with the brand names Tenex or Intuniv (Catapres). These drugs are longer-acting than stimulants.
Stimulants
The most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD are stimulants. They increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. They are usually the first drugs that doctors test and can often control symptoms in people with ADHD. They can have serious adverse effects, but they don't cure ADHD. Doctors prescribe different stimulants at different dosages to determine what works best for the individual. The goal is to find a medication that is safe and efficient over the long term, while reducing symptoms with minimal side effects.
The most common stimulant is methylphenidate. It belongs to the category of medicines known as central nervous system stimulants. It's sold under many brand names, including Adderall and Ritalin. Methylphenidate aids in increasing activity in areas of the brain that control attention and behavior. It can be taken as immediate-release tablets (small doses taken between 2 and 3 times per day) or modified-release tablets that allow the medication to be released into the bloodstream over a longer period of time. It is a highly effective drug that has low rates of addiction and abuse.
Some people with ADHD suffer from other psychiatric issues. In these instances, doctors might decide to treat the disorder that is more severe first and see if that helps to reduce ADHD symptoms. Antidepressants might be prescribed to patients who suffers from major depression before stimulants are tried. The same is true for tic disorders and anxiety. A doctor can prescribe guanfacine or clonidine instead of stimulants for a person who suffers from Tourette's syndrome or other symptoms of tics. These drugs perform quickly and are less likely than stimulants to cause drowsiness.
Stimulant medications can affect the blood pressure and heart rate. They may also cause negative effects like headaches and irritability. They are generally not recommended for children under 8 years old and should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. They should not be taken by those who have a history of or substance abuse, bipolar disorder or a history of addiction. These medications are also not recommended for those with a history of strokes or seizures.
Most adults with ADHD are treated with a combination of treatment options that include psychosocial therapy, medication, or other behavioral treatments. Behavioral therapy can teach skills such as self-talk, anger management, and organizational skills to cope with the challenges of ADHD. Healthcare professionals can also aid by educating coworkers and supervisors about ADHD and how to work effectively alongside those suffering from the disorder. They can also arrange for accommodations at school and work to help people with ADHD to achieve their goals. In some instances, employers are willing to allow flexibility in how tasks are assigned or let workers take breaks as needed. They can also provide more detailed explanations of assignments and allow employees longer to complete the tasks. This can be especially helpful when the employee has trouble understanding complex instructions or concepts. In these situations, an employer might even offer to teach the employee to use assistive technology to aid in keeping up with other employees.